kintner



(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 1. O. J. KINTNER. ,PERMUTATION LOCK.

Pate nted Feb, 22

3 givw wboz 4 Sheets-Sheet 2. TNER.

0N LOCK.

v Patented Feb; 22,1898. v

(No Model.)

. O..J. KIN PERMUTATI 4 RM 0 M T N I A .K

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(NoModeL) No. 599,565. Patnted Feb. 22, 1898.

(No Model.) 4 Sheets-Sheet 4. '0. J. KINTNER.

PERMUTATION LOOK.

Patented Feb. 22, 1898.

THE Norms PEYERS co PHOTcl-LITHQ. WASHINGTON n UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CHARLES J. KINTNER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

' PERM UTATION-LOCK.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 599,565, dated February 22, 1898.

' Application filed March 9, 1897. smart. 626,589. (Nd model.)

T0 at whom it may concern: I,

Be it known that I, CHARLES J. KINTNER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, have made a new and useful Improvement in Combination-Locks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention is directed particularly to improvements in that type of combination-locks in which the operation is eifected by the senses of touch and sound through the agency of combination mechanism adapted to control the operation of the bolt and actuated by pawls and push-rods in such manner as to cause it (the combination mechanism) to assume a definite position with relation to the bolt, so as to allow the latter to be withdrawn; and its objects are, first, to devise a combinationlock of the type above referred to which shall be simple in structure and e fficient in operation; second, to combine such a lock with key-operated mechanism, so as to enable the user to withdraw the bolt either through the agency of the combination mechanism or the key-operated mechanism at pleasure; third, to combine combination-lock mechanism of the type above referred to with alarmrmechanism, so as to actuate an alarm in the event of any one attempting to operate-the lock who is not conversant with the combination for which it is designed to work, and, fourth, to

enable one to readily change the combination without taking the lock apart by simply reversing the combination-controlling mechanism or by interchanging the parts thereof.

My invention will be fully understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, in

Figure 1 is a perspectiveview of one'form of the invention; Fig. 2, a vertical sectional viewv "left in the direction of the arrows upon that figure, Fig. 5 being a detail sectional View taken on the line 0050, Fig. 4c, and as seen looking from right to left in the direction of the arrow upon that figure. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal vertical'sectional view bf a modified form, showing the major portion of the mechanism in elevation. Fig. 7 is a plan view of the modified form shown in Fig. 6, the top of the lock-casing, the bolt, and its attached parts being removed for the purpose of more clearly illustrating the interior structure of the lock. Fig. 8 is a side elevational View of one of the combination-disks.

Fig. 10 is a.

plan view of my preferred form of combinathe casing of a lock similar in structure to well-known forms of door-locks,'and B a bolt, the locking portion of which extends through the outer face of the casing, its interior portion being constructed with two arms, substantially as shown, one of which is provided with a fixed pin or projection adapted to enter into the free end of a strong spiral spring S, having its other end sustained by a corresponding pin'in the inner side of the lockcasing, the function of said spring being to force the bolt forward in the well-known manner, the upper or curved arm being provided with a friction-roller g, adapted to move freely within a slot in the arinI, secured to the rectangular shaft 0, journaled in the usual manner in the casing of the lock and provided on its opposite faces with the usual door-knob D, g 9 being friction-rollers on the upper side of the bolt, the function of said parts being to enable the bolt to be withdrawn in the'direction' of the arrow by the door-knob D or forced in a reverse direction at the pleasure of the user. I

c and c are dependent pins or lugs integral with the bolt B, their function being to maintain the bolt in locked position.

D and D are combination-disks which are provided with holes or openings h and k in their lateral faces adapted to receive the dependent pins or lugs c 0 when said holes or openings are brought into alinement with each other and said pins. These combination-disks D and D are secured to inner drums D and D by set-screws 0 0, said drums being in turn journaled upon and secured each to a stationary shaft G by a strong spiral spring S, adapted to rotate them at least one complete revolution, the stationary shaft G being secured to the casing of the look through the agency of strong brackets T T and set-screws e e.

V and V are ratchet-wheels secured to the faces of the drums D D in such manner as to rotate said drums about the stationary shaft G and against the tension of the spiral springs S. These ratchet-wheels V V are each provided with any desired number of ratchet-teeth,in this instance 0 to 9,inclusive.

It will be observed on examination of Fig. 4 that the ratchet-tooth 9 or J is much longer than are any of the other ratchet-teeth, its function being to prevent the propulsion of the ratchet-wheel beyond one complete revolution, as will be described in connection with the description of the mode of operation. R R are push-rods journaled at one end in facing disks secured to the outer face of the look, as shown in Fig. 3, and at the other end in sockets H 11 s 3 (see Fig. 4) being retractile springs for forcing said pushrods to their outer or normal position. K K are knobs attached to the outer ends of the push-rods R R P P are push-pawls pivotally secured to lugs or ears integral with the push-rods R R and adapted to actuate,when pushed forward, the ratchet-wheels V V It will be seen on examination of Figs. 4 and 5 that a definite portion of the push-rods R R is rectangular in cross-section, said rectangular portion being adapted to fit snugly in the rectangular opening of sleeves W W, which sleeves support at their upper sides pivoted holding-pawls P P between lugs or ears on m, integral with the sleeves W W, said holding-pawls being adapted to fall into the ratchet teeth 0 to 9, inclusive, of the ratchet wheels V V. Integral with the sleeves \V V are upwardly-extehding arms a. (L to which are secured by pivot-pins a connecting-link Z, one end of which is secured by a strong spiral spring 3 to the casing of the look through the agency of a fixed part z, the function of this spiral spring 8 link 1, and arms a a being to hold the sleeves in the position shown, with the holding-pawls P P and push-pawls P P in actual mechanical contact with the ratchet-teeth of the ratchet-wheels V V The sleeves TV TV are cylindrical in form and provided on their under sides each with a bead or groove, which enables them to be held in position against the inner face of the casing by fiat disks ll M the upper portion of which is cut away, so as to enable the sleeves to rotate and advance a definite distance in either direction, k being screws for holding these retainingdisks in position. f f are pins secured to extensions of the ratchet-wheels V V and adapted to lie in the path of the hooked ends of retaining devices h, secured to the inner face F of the lock. q q q q, Fig. 4, are vertical guideways for the bolt B.

The operation of this form of the apparatus is a follows: Suppose the combination to be 3 for the first disk and 5 for the second. Before attempting to find the combination the operator should take hold of either one of the knobs K K and rotate it in the direction of the arrows, Fig. 1, thereby causing the sleeves XV to move to the right against the stress of the spiral spring 5 and at the same time causing the push-pawls P P and holding-pawls P P to be liberated from the ratchet-teeth of the ratchet-wheels V V thus allowing the spiral springs within the drums to rotate the ratchet-wheels, and hence their supported disks D D into the position shown in Fig. 1 until both ratchet-wheels are held by the hooks h h and pins f f. The knobs having been released in the meantime, the spiral spring s restores the holding and pushing pawls into the position shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The operator now takes hold of the knob K and pushes it in and out to its extreme stroke three times. Each time that it is pushed in the push-pawl P causes the ratchet-wheel V to advance one step until the holding-pawl P falls behind the same ratchet-tooth. Each withdrawal of the pushrod R enables the push-pawl P to drop into the succeeding ratchet-tooth, and in like manner the ratchet-wheel is advanced step by step until three complete steps are attained. At this time the opening or hole h is brought opposite the end of the dependent pin 0. The operator now takes hold of the knob K and in similar manner advances and retracts it five times, the push-pawl P and holding-pawl P for this part of the apparatus operating, as before described, until the opening 71. Fig. 1, is brought opposite the free end of the dependent pin 0 It will be noticed, therefore, that inasmuch as the two dependent pins 0 and c are now opposite their corresponding openings 72. and 72. there is nothing to preventthe withdrawal of the boltB. Consequently on taking hold of the outer doorknob (not shown) and rotating the shaft 0 to the right in the direction of the dotted arrow, Fig. 2, the bolt B will be withdrawn against the pressure of the spring S. The dependent pins 0 and c now enter their corresponding openings or holes 7L 7L2. On entering the house the bolt is now restored to its normal position. It will be perceived that the combination -numbers may readily be changed by simply removing the set-screws 0 0 and rotating the combination-disks D D around their supporting-drums D and D so that the combination openings or holes h 71. are opposite the desired numbers, and again securing them in the manner shown by the set'screws.

In the modified form shown in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 the bolt B is provided on its under side with downwardlyextending rectangular. lugs c 0 adapted to rest upon the upper faces of the combination disks or drums D D K being notches in the faces of these disks adapted to permit the bolt B to drop a' definite distance when the notches K are brought into alinement with each other under the lugs c 0 said bolt being pivotally secured at one end by a pin p to a disk carried by the shaft 0, which supports the knob D, and having at its other end a pin e, lying normally in the path of a stop N, L being a locking extension of the bolt B, having at its innor end a slot 8, in which the pin p plays, an being a leaf-spring adapted .to hold the free end of the pivoted bolt B yieldingly against the upper faces of the rotary combinationdisksD D The apparatus for controlling the operation of these combination-disks is identically like that disclosed in connection with Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, except that the holding-pawls P P are provided with upward extensions, lying normally in the path of the rectangular portion of the lugs c 0 L is any well-known form of key-controlling mechanism, shown here as a Yale lock, to the inside tumbler of which is secured an arm Z, adapted when rotated to the right under the influence of the tumblers against the under face of the boltB to lift it a sufficient distance to carry the stop-pin e above and hence out of the path of the stop N. G is a shaft extending inwardly through the inner casing from the inside of the door and provided at its inner end with a handle X, the parts being so-arranged that the inside portion of the tumbler and the arm Z may be actuated by hand, so as to lift the bolt B by simply rotating' it against the stress of the spring m. The operation of this modified form, in so far as the bolt is controlled by the push-rods R R and push-knobs K K is identically like that disclosed in Figs. 1 to 5, inclusive, the only difference being that when the combination is found and the notches K K of the two disks D D are brought into alinement under the downwardly-extending lugs c a they, and hence the bolt B, will drop into said notches and thereby allow the stop-pin e on the free endof the bolt B to drop downward out of the path of the fixed stop N, so that when the operator takes hold of the outer knob D and rotates it to the right the bolt B will be forced to the right, carrying with it the locking part L, the pin 6 in the meantime riding up the incline of a stationary part Q under and behind the free end of a spring 1), secured to the fixed stop N, permanently attached to the inner face of the look, so that when the pin 6 has reached its extreme throw the locking part L will be fully withdrawn. At the same time the rectangular extensions of the lugs c 0 will come into mechanical contact with the holding-pawls P P, thereby forcing them to the right and causing them to act upon the lugs'm m, so as to rotate the push-pawls P P, eventually turning the several pawls out of engagement with the ratchet-wheels V V and liberating them. Consequently the combination-disks D D are now impelled under the influences of their retractile springs to be restored to normal position; but the notches K prevent this'until the pin 6 rides to a sufficient distance up the incline of the part Q, at which time the disks D D will be released. On restoring the bolt B to 'normalposition after entering the door by taking hold of the knob D on the inside the pin 6 rides up the incline spring '0 and over the stationary stop N, the ratchet-Wheels having in the meantime returned to normal position. The several pawls P P P P will now be restored to normal position by the spiral spring 8 link Z, arms a a and sleeves W W, so that the combination has been destroyed and the door again locked. In the meantime should any one tamper with the look by actuating the pawls it is only necessary for any one knowing the proper combination to rotate the knobs K K to the right, so as to release the severalpawls and enable the combination-disks to be restored to normal position. Should the user forget the combination, he should be provided with a key adapted for use with thelock L, and by inserting the key in the lock and turning it to the right the proper tumbler will cause the arms Z to be rotated, so

as to lift the bolt B,'and hence its stop 6, out

of the path of the permanent stop N, so that on taking hold of the outer door-knob the bolt may be moved to the right, as before, and be restored to its locking position on entering. If it is desired to leave the bolt so that it may be permanently withdrawn, it is only necessary to rotate the handle X ninety degrees to the left from the inside and leave the arm Z permanently under the under side of the bolt, so that the stop 6 will pass back and forth over the permanent stop N.

On examination of Fig. 6 it will be seen that the rectangular edges of the lugs c o are sufficiently near to the edges of the upward extensions of the pawls P P and the stop-pin e at the free end of the bolt B is a sufficient distance away from the fixed or permanent stop N to enable one on turning the outer door-knob to the right to give to the pawls P P, and hence to the sleeves W W and push-pawls P P, a sufficient rotation to. liberate the ratchet-wheels and allow them and the combination-disks D D to be restored to normal position, so that this restoration may be effected in this modified form either by the agency of the knobs K K or by the ordinary door-knob D, the knob of course being restored to normal position by turning it to the left before attempting to operate the combination, or the part L might be provided with a leaf spring attached to the inner facing F and of sufficient strength to normally hold it in the locked position in a manner well understood.

Although I have only shown two combination-disks D D and their operative parts, it is obvious that there may be three or more, as desired. In fact, in practice I should prefer to use three for the purpose of complicating the combination-number.

Upon examination of Fig. 4 of the drawings it will be apparent that the ratchet-teeth O, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 are identically alike, while the ratchet-tooth numbered 9, also lettered J, is of much greater length than the others, and that when the combination mechanism is in normal position, so that the pin fis held against the retaining-hook 72', said long tooth is located immediately below the aforesaid pin. Each combination-disk must therefore practically make one complete revolution before the long tooth is reached by the pushing and holding pawls P P. As the push-rod R is advanced each time the holding-pawl P falls behind the next succeeding ratchet-tooth and holds the ratchet-wheel while the push-rod and push-pawl P are being withdrawn. hen, however, ratchettooth No. 9 or J is reached in its order, this tooth is of such length that although the pushpawl P advances the ratchet-wheel the same distance as before the holding-pawl, by reason of the length of the tooth, will fail to fall behind the hooked end of this tooth, said holdin g-pawl assuming thisposition only after the push-rod has been rotated, as described, so as to rotate the holding and pushing pawls out of connection with the ratchet-teeth and again rotated into position by reversing the rotary motion of the push-rod into the position shown in Fig. 4 and after the spiral retractile spring 3 has returned the released ratchet-wheel and its attached combinationdisk to the normal position. It is apparent, therefore, that by reason of this long ratchettooth 9 or J there is no possibility of overactuat-ing or over-winding the spring R by continuouslymanipulating the push rods and pawls and that the ratchet mechanism must be returned to normal position after each action by rotating the pawls out of engagement therewith, as already described.

I will now describe my preferred form of lock, which is disclosed in Figs. 0 to 11, in elusive, and which is the preferred form by reason of the simplicity of parts and avoidance of the use of springs and other devices which might readily get out of repair. In this modified form, F represents the casing of the lock, which is divided into two compartments by a partition P". B represents the bolt, which normally rests on its lower side upon the upper surface of the partition P and is controlled in its backward-and-forward movement by the usual form of door-knobs, shaft O, and arm I, provided with a slot adapted to engage a pin in the side of the bolt, said arm extending upward through an opening in the partition P The bolt is split or divided for the greater portion of its length into two parts, which are connected together by three triangular-shaped lockingpins 0, c and 0 the rear or rectangular faces of which are adapted to bear, when the bolt is in its forward or locked position, against the front faces of three sliding locking combination-bars D D D adapted to move upward through openings in the partition P" and guided in their upward movement by two sets of guiding-sleeves s 3 8 the lower ends of the lower set being secured to the inner surface of the bottom of the facing F and their upper ends to the bottom side of the partition P while the second set is simply secured at their upper ends, so that they are in alinement with the lower set, the arrangement being such that when the locking combination-bars D D D are moved upward these sleeves, together with the lateral sides of the split bolt B, will act as guides therefor. It will be noticed also that the upper ends of the lower sleeves s s s are cut away at the rear sides for the purpose of affording free movement to the propelling apparatus for the locking combination-bars D D D. R, R and R are push-rods, K K &c., push-knobs, and P and P pushing and holding pawls, and XV rotary sleeves having integral arms C0, and all pivotally connected together by a link l in the same manner as were the correspondingly-lettered parts in the modified forms shown in Figs. 1 to 8, inclusive, the function of all of these parts in the present case being to regulate the movement of the locking combination-bars D, D and D as will be described in connection with the description of the mode of operation. These locking combination-bars D D D are provided on their rear edges or sides with pins 2!, 25 and t and on their front sides with releasing-notches n 07, 91 located with due relation to some particular one of the pins t, 15 and t it being noticed that in the bar D the notch 11 is opposite the pin 2, while in the bar D the notch n is opposite the pin 5, and in the bar D the notch 91 is opposite the pin 0. The opposite ends of these combination locking-bars D D D are beveled in exactly the same manner. In short, their structure is such that they are the substantial duplicates of each other, with the exception that the releasing-notches 'n n n are differently located, as already described. q q q q, Fig. 10, are pairs of lateral guideways for the bolt B. u is a flat leafspring for holding the bolt in its normal position upon the upper surface of the partition P 1) Z) 6 are downwardly-projecting pins on one lateral face of the bolt 13, passing through corresponding slots in the partition P and resting normally, when the bolt is locked in position, behind the three pushpawls P, their function being the same as the lugs c c in Fig. G-to wit, for the purpose of rotating the push and holding pawls pawl P is secured thereto and is provided with a downwardly-extending tail which prevents the pawl from being advanced too far forward when it and the push-pawl P are rotated out of connection with the pins F, or i This downwardly-extending tail of the pawl P prevents it from tilting forward, and the entire arrangement of this part of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 11 is such that when the combination-bar is lifted to its extreme limit by the push-pawl P acting under the lowest pin there will be no tendency to further lift said bar and the holding-pawl will resume its position under this lower pin each time that the push-rod R is manipulated, so that this modified form of the invention is provided also with a means for preventing overactuation, which I deem the full equivalent of the long tooth J or 9. (Shown in Fig. at of the drawings.) The bolt B is adapted to be lifted or tilted about the inner edge of the casing F, as is shown in dotted lines, andthis is accomplished by the key-controlling mechanism in the lock L when it is rotated to the left under the agency of the arm Z and pivoted bell-crank lever 2'2 acting on the under surface of a pin 2 which is simply an extension of the triangular pin 0 X being, as before, a knob on the inner side of the door for actuating the corresponding parts directly by hand through the agency of a shaft G. r o" 'r are springs secured to binding-posts which are insulated and connected together by a conductor running to the positive pole of a battery controlling an alarm located in a distant room, the other pole of which is connected to a minus binding-post secured directly to the casing of the lock, the function of these springs, binding-posts, and connections being to sound an alarm in the event of any one tampering with the look who is not conversant with the operative combination. The operation of this modified form of the apparatus is as follows: Suppose the door to be looked, as shown in Fig. 9, and the locking combination-bars D D D to be in their lower positions and the combination to be 367. The person desiring to enter now takes hold of the knob K and actuates the push-rod R three times, causing the springpawl P to pass completely under that one of the pins 15 directly in front of it and to lift the bar D one step until the holding-pawl P falls under the next succeeding pin 15 below it. On withdrawing the knob K the lower end of the spring-pawl P snaps downward over the next pin below it and into position to give to this pin an additional upward step on the next forward movement of the pushrod. Three complete movements, therefore, of the knob K and push-rod R elevate the locking-bar D tosuch a position that the releasing-notch n is directly opposite or in the rear of the rectangular face of the lockingpin 0. A like operation with the knob K and push -rod R for six successive times causes the locking-bar D to be lifted to such a position that the releasing-notch n is directly opposite the rectangular face of the pin ciand a similar operation for seven successive times with the push-rod R causes the locking combination-bar D to be lifted so that the releasing-notch n is directly opposite the rectangular face of the locking-pin 0 Consequently the bolt may now be withdrawn by rotating the door-knob, and hence the shaft 0 and arm I to the right, causing the bolt B to force the locking-pins c, 0 and 0 into the releasing-notches n, 11 and n a sufficient distance to withdraw the outer end thereof from the lock. At the same time the three downwardly-extending pins 1) b 5 come into mechanical contact with the left-hand faces of the three push-pawls P, and as the bolt advances these pins cause the push-pawls Pto be rotated, and hence the sleeves W and holdin g-pawls P to be similarly rotated until both sets of pawls for each push-rod are completely withdrawn from under the pins t, 29, and i thereby allowing the locking combinationbars D D D to be held in their upper positions by the upper faces of the locking-pins 0', c and c and releasing-notches n n m On entering the door the operator simply takes hold of the inner knob and reverses the rotation of the shaft 0 and arm I and imparts thereby to the bolt B a motion in a reverse direction until the locking-pins 0, c and 0 pass out of the releasing-notches n n 409, thereby allowing said locking-bars to drop by their own weight into the positions shown in Fig. 9. It will be understood that the several sets of pawls retain their released position by virtue of the friction between the sleeves W and their retaining-disks M M M and that they may all be restored to operative position with the pins 15, i and t by simply rotating any one of the push-knobs K K, &c., to the extreme left limit. With this modified form, as with the other forms, before attempting to find the combination it is always necessary to rotate the push-knobs to the right, so as to drop the locking-bars into normal position. Should one desire to enter without operating the combination, it is only necessary to insert the proper key in the lock L and turn the same to the left, thereby causing the arm Z to actuate the bell-crank lever z 2 a sufficient distance to lift the bolt into the position shown in dotted lines, holding the same with one hand and rotating the door-knob, shaft 0, and arm I to the right, as before. The lockingpins 0 c 0 will pass above the locking ends of the combination locking-bars D D D Upon releasing the key the bolt is allowed to drop, so that the locking-pins are now on the rear side of the locking-bars; but their beveled edges permit them to ride forward over the beveled upper ends of the locking-bars when the bolt is turned into locking position on rotating it with the inner door-knob. Before operating the key, however, it would always be necessary to release the locking-bars by turning the knobs K K &c., to the right, so that they will assume the position shown in Fig. 9. Should it be desired to change the combination of this modified form, it is only necessary to either reverse the locking coinbination-bars D D I) end for end, or to interchange them relatively in their guideways or to reverse and interchange. In other words, it will be apparent that a number of changes of combinations may be effected by reversing the bars end for end or by interchanging them in their guideways, or both. It is also obvious that a number of extra locking combination-bars might be provided having their releasing-notches located in difierent positions relatively and such bars stored in the upper casing of the look, if desired. It is also obvious that instead of an electrical alarm the combination locking-bars might be caused to actuate a releasing device connected to the upper guiding-sleeves at any point in their ascension, and thereby sound a mechanically-actuated alarm, or that the electrical contacting-springs might be adj ustably attached so as to change their relative positions and thereby efifect the alarm at any point of the ascension of any one or all of the bars, such matters being well within the skill of the builder.

I do not limit myself to the specific details of structure herein shown and described in the several modified forms of my invention, as it is obvious that a number of the mechanical features might be varied and still come within the scope of my invention.

I believe it is broadly new with me to provide a lock with combination mechanism the combination of which is destroyed by the act of withdrawing the bolt, and also with mechanism which not only determines the combination, but which may be used for destroying the same or returning the combination mechanism to normal position. I am aware, however, that a lock has heretofore been devised in which pawl-actuated combinationcontrolling mechanism is released by the action of the bolt-controlling knob of such look when rotated in a direction which tends to place the bolt in locking position, as disclosed in United States Patent to J. F. Thompson, No. 407,262, patented July 16, 1889, and I make no claim hereinafter broad enough to include such an arrangement, my broadest claim in this particular being directed to such mechanism when adapted to actuate or release the combination-controlling mechanism on the withdrawal of the bolt only.

I believe it is also new with me, broadly,

to combine the bolt of a lock with ratchet-andpawl-actuated combination mechanism and key-controlling mechanism, either of which may be used at will, and that it is also new with me to combine an alarm apparatus with such ratchet-andpawl-actuated combination mechanism which will be actuated, provided the person so actuating it is not conversant with the combination with which it is designed to operate the same. I am aware, however, that it is not broadly new with me to combine an alarm mechanism with combination mechanism in such manner that if improperly operated an alarm will be sounded, as is disclosed in United States Patent to J. F.Thompson,No.427,13l,granted May 6,1890.

I believe it is also new with me to provide a lock with interchangeable ratchet-and-pawlactuated combination-controlling mechanism by which the combination may be changed by simply changing the parts with relation to each other or by reversing them in their relative positions, and my claims are generic as to these several features.

I believe it is also broadly new with me to so construct combination -lock mechanism which is controlled by pawls that the same will not be overoperated by the actuatingpawls whether it be in the nature of ratchet-- wheels with a long tooth like that shown at J in Fig. 4 of the drawings or in the nature of a vertically-raised combination lockingbars of such a nature that they can only be raised to the limit of the propelling movement of the pawls like that shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings, and my claims in these particulars are generic, this being an important feature of my invention in that it prevents any possibility of injuring the mechanism by the operation of the push-rods.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a combination-lock a bolt controlled in its movement by combination mechanism actuated by push-rods and pawls, said bolt being provided with means for releasing the pawls while it is being withdrawn from its locked position, substantially as described.

2. In a combination-lock a bolt controlled in its movement by combination mechanism actuated by push-rods and pawls, said pushrods and one set of said pawls having movement in the direction of the length of the push-rods and both of said sets of pawls and push-rods having movement in the direction of rotation of the rods whereby the combination mechanism may be actuated to any given point by manipulating the push-rods back and forth and released at any given point by rotating the push-rods, substantially as described.

3. A look provided with combination-controlling mechanism and push-rods and pawls for actuating the same, said mechanism being provided with means for preventing the pawls from overwinding or overactuatin g the same, substantially as described.

4. In a combination-lock a bolt controlled in its movement by combination mechanism actuated by push-rods and pawls, the bolt being provided with means for releasing all of the pawls when moved in a given direction, and. the push-rods being provided with additional mechanism for releasing said pawls at any point of their operation, substantially as described.

5. A look provided with a bolt controlled in its movement by ratchet-and-pawl-actw. ated combination mechanism, in combination with key-controlled mechanism, the arrangement being such that the movement of the bolt may be controlled by the combination mechanism or key-controlled mechanism ,substantially as described.

6. A combination-lock having a bolt provided with a series of locking-pins, a series of combination locking devices provided with releasing-notches for receiving said pins and propelling mechanism adapted to propel said locking devices step by step, in combination with means carried by or constituting a part of the bolt and adapted to release said looking devices when the bolt is withdrawn, substantially as described.

7. A combination-lock having a bolt provided with locking means adapted to be held in locked position by combination lockingbars provided in turn'with notches for permitting of the withdrawal of the bolt, in combination with additional means for elevating the locking-bars step by step, and means carried by or constituting a part of the bolt and adapted to release the locking-bars when it, the bolt, is withdrawn, substantially as described.

8. A combination-lock having combinationcontrolling mechanism in the nature of notched bars .beveled at their opposite ends and provided with ratchet-pins together with paWl-actuatin g mechanism for advancing the same step by step, in combination with a bolt having locking-pins adapted to enter said notches when brought into alinement with each other, and key-controlling mechanism adapted to lift the bolt over the free ends of the beveled bars when in their lowest or normal posit-ions whereby the lock may be actu- 10. A combination-lock provided with combination-controlling mechanism and independent push-rods andpawls for eftectin g the operation of the independent parts of said combination mechanism, in combination with an alarm mechanism operatively connected to each of such independent parts, whereby it any part of the combination-controlling mechanism be overactuated an alarm will be effected, substantiallyas described.

11. A combination-lock having a bolt controlled by a series of locking combinationbars, in combination with key-controlled mechanism, the arrangement being such that the lock may be actuated by either set of apparatus, substantially as described.

12. A combination-lock having a sliding bolt provided with a series of locking-pins, in combination with a series of vertically-arranged locking-bars provided with releasing means and additional means for advancing them step by step to any desired point, additional releasing mechanism controlled by the bolt for releasing said propelling mechanism when the combination is effected and the bolt operated, the arrangement being such that on restoring the bolt to its normal position the combination locking-bars will drop by gravity to normal position, substantially as described.

13. A combination-lock having a sliding bolt provided with a series of locking-pins and a series of vertically-arranged locking combination-bars having each a releasingnotch, in combination with propelling mechanism for advancing the locking-bars so that the releasing-notches will be in alinement with the locking-pins, said propelling mechanisms being connected together the bolt being provided with additional means for effecting the release of the propelling mechanisms, the arrangement being such that when the bolt is restored to locking position the combination locking-bars will fall by gravity to their normal positions, substantially as described.

14. Ina combination-lock, combination-controlling mechanism, push-rods and propelling and holding pawls for actuating the same, in combination with means which interconnects said push-rods whereby each set of pawls is adapted to positively operate its independent combination-controlling mechanism and either push-rod adapted to release both sets of pawls, substantially as described.

15. In a combination-lock two or more combinationcontrolling devices each provided with propelling and holding pawls adapted to advance step by step, said pawl mechanism being provided with means for preventing the overoperation thereof, in combination with interconnections for simultaneously re- 16. In a combination-lock two or more eorn- In testimony whereof I have hereunto subbination locking-bars provided with propeiscribed my name this 3d day of February, 10 ling and holding pawls adapted to independ- 1897. ently raise said bars step by step, in eolnbiv T nation with means for preventing said pro- CHARLES KIA ILER' pelling-pztwls from lifting said bars beyond Vitnesses:

a given point whereby overaction is avoided, M. M. ROBINSON, substantially as described. M. G. MILLER. 

